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FIMI Taxonomy v4.1 — Modular taxonomy of foreign information manipulation and interference

Irregular Attacks

Sabotage
Irregular attacks are covert, deniable physical operations—including sabotage, arson, and infrastructure disruption—that inflict real-world damage and psychological impact below the threshold of conventional warfare to coerce populations and governments while avoiding military retaliation.
Author
Affiliation

E. Rosalie Li

Information Epidemiology Lab

Published

February 17, 2026

Sabotage

Irregular attacks are covert, deniable physical operations—including sabotage, arson, and infrastructure disruption—that inflict real-world damage and psychological impact below the threshold of conventional warfare to coerce populations and governments while avoiding military retaliation.

FIMI Taxonomy by Information Epidemiology Lab.

Citation

BibTeX citation:
@article{li2026,
  author = {Li, E. Rosalie},
  title = {Irregular {Attacks}},
  date = {2026-02-17},
  url = {https://fimi.infoepi.org/mechanisms/irregular-attacks.html},
  langid = {en}
}
For attribution, please cite this work as:
Li, E. Rosalie. 2026. “Irregular Attacks,” February. https://fimi.infoepi.org/mechanisms/irregular-attacks.html.

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